Reason for the problem:
the problem here is that IntelliJ tries to solve the required artifact itself without using the Maven “user settings file” (settings. XML) configured in the IDE. It will connect directly to Maven central, but it is blocked by my employer

Solution add in POM file:

<dependency>
 <!-- this is needed or IntelliJ gives junit.jar or junit-platform-launcher:1.3.2 not found errors -->
            <groupId>org.junit.platform</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-platform-launcher</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>